Allium schoenoprasum
Also known as: Common Chives, Garden Chives, Onion Chives
Sun Requirements
full sun
Water Needs
low
Growing Zones
3-10
Days to Harvest
60 days
Planting Depth
1/4 inch
Spacing
8-10 inches
Chives are one of the easiest and most rewarding herbs to grow, offering delicate onion flavor and beautiful purple blooms that attract pollinators. These hardy perennials are the smallest members of the onion family, producing slender, hollow leaves that can be harvested continuously from spring through fall. Unlike their larger cousins, chives are grown for their flavorful leaves rather than bulbs, making them perfect for small spaces and container gardens. The edible purple pompom flowers appear in late spring, adding ornamental value while attracting bees and butterflies. Chives are virtually pest and disease-free, deer resistant, and will return year after year with minimal care. They're also exceptional companion plants, using their onion scent to repel aphids, Japanese beetles, and other pests while improving the health and flavor of nearby plants, especially tomatoes and carrots.
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Growing chives is remarkably simple, making them perfect for beginning gardeners and children. These cold-hardy perennials thrive in full sun to partial shade and adapt to most soil conditions, though they prefer rich, well-draining soil. Once established, chives are drought-tolerant and require minimal maintenance beyond occasional watering and harvesting. They grow in neat clumps that gradually expand each year, making them excellent for edging beds or growing in containers. Regular harvesting encourages fresh growth and prevents self-seeding, though allowing some flowers to bloom benefits pollinators. Chives can be grown from seed, but dividing established clumps every 3-4 years is the easiest propagation method. In cold climates, chives die back in winter but reliably return each spring.
Start chives from seed indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost, or direct sow once soil can be worked in spring. Sow seeds 1/4 inch deep in groups of 10-15 seeds, spacing groups 8-10 inches apart. Seeds germinate in 14-21 days at 60-70Β°F (15-21Β°C). Thin to the strongest 8-10 plants per clump once seedlings have two sets of leaves. For faster results, purchase nursery transplants or get divisions from established plants. Plant divisions or transplants 8-10 inches apart in full sun to partial shade. Chives tolerate most soils but perform best in rich, well-draining soil with pH 6.0-7.0. Add compost to improve poor soils. In containers, use pots at least 6 inches deep with drainage holes. Chives also grow well indoors on a sunny windowsill.
Water chives regularly during their first growing season to establish strong roots. Once established, they're quite drought-tolerant but produce more tender leaves with consistent moisture. Apply a balanced organic fertilizer in early spring as growth resumes, and again after heavy harvesting. Harvest chives frequently by cutting leaves 2 inches above ground level β this encourages fresh growth and prevents flowering if you prefer leaves over blooms. If you want flowers for pollinators or garnishes, allow some plants to bloom but deadhead before seeds form to prevent excessive self-sowing. Divide clumps every 3-4 years in early spring or fall to maintain vigor. In late fall, cut plants back to 2 inches and mulch in cold climates. Potted chives can be brought indoors for winter harvests. Chives have no serious pest or disease problems.
Discover which plants work best together to create a thriving, natural garden ecosystem
Chives are outstanding companion plants that use their onion scent to confuse and repel many common garden pests. Their ability to deter aphids makes them particularly valuable near roses and soft-fruited plants. The sulfur compounds in chives also have natural fungicidal properties, helping prevent diseases in nearby plants.
Solanum lycopersicum
Repels aphids and improves tomato flavor while deterring fungal diseases
Daucus carota
Improves carrot flavor and growth while repelling carrot fly
Benefits: Prevents black spot and repels aphids from roses
Benefits: Helps prevent fungal diseases in grapevines
Petroselinum crispum
Both herbs thrive in similar conditions and enhance each other's growth
Avoid because: Can stunt the growth of beans and other legumes
Avoid because: May inhibit pea growth and nitrogen fixation
Explore our detailed guides above for everything you need to know about growing healthy, productive chives plants.